using the stock/standard Debian stretch kernel (not the olimex image) the directory /sys/class/power_supply is empty.
The axp module seems to be loaded:
# dmesg | grep axp
[ 3.048889] axp20x-i2c 0-0034: AXP20x variant AXP209 found
[ 3.096684] axp20x-i2c 0-0034: AXP20X driver loaded
[ 3.519148] axp20x-regulator axp20x-regulator: regulators node not found
# uname -r
4.9.0-8-armmp-lpae
A20-Olimexino-MICRO
how do I get the values?
I think you are missing some submodules of the axp driver. Don't know the names ATM, however.